Messier Objects Cross References


  M1:  NGC 1952,  GC 1157,  h  357,  Bode 11;  Taurus A,  3C144,  4C+21.19, Taurus X-1, G184.6-5.8
                  Crab Pulsar:  NP0532, PSR 0531+21
                  Crab Supernova:  SN 1054,  CM Tauri

  M2:  NGC 7089,  GC 4678,  h 2125,  Lalande 41928,  Bode 70,  Koehler No. 14;  Mel 235

  M3:  NGC 5272,  GC 3636,  h 1663;  Mel 119

  M4:  NGC 6121,  GC 4183,  Lac I.9,  deCh 19,  Bode 31;  B.A.C. 5455,  Mel 144

  M5:  NGC 5904,  GC 4083,  h 1916,  Bode 29,  Koehler No. 13;  Mel 133

  M6:  NGC 6405,  GC 4318,  h 3699,  Dunlop 612,  Lac III.12,  deCh  1,  Ha II.4,  Bode 39;  Mel 178,  Cr 341

  M7:  NGC 6475,  GC 4340,  h 3710,  Lac II.14,  Ha II.2,  Bode 41,  Ptolemy 567,  Ulegh Begh 564,  Halley 29;  Mel 183,  Cr 354

  M8:  NGC 6523,  GC 4361,  h 3722,  Lac III.13,  deCh  8,  Bode 44,  Bode 45 ?,  Koehler No. 3

  M9:  NGC 6333,  GC 4287,  h 1979,  h 3677,  Bode 36;  Mel 167

 M10:  NGC 6254,  GC 4256,  h 1972,  h 3659,  Bode 33,  Koehler No. 4;  Mel 157

 M11:  NGC 6705,  GC 4437,  h 2019,  deCh 14,  Bode 62,  Koehler No. 20;  Mel 213

 M12:  NGC 6218,  GC 4238,  h 1971,  Bode 32,  Koehler No. 5;  Mel 151

 M13:  NGC 6205,  GC 4230,  h 1968,  Halley,  Bode 30,  Koehler No. 18;  Mel 150

 M14:  NGC 6402,  GC 4315,  h 1983,  h 3698,  Bode 37;  Mel 175

 M15:  NGC 7078,  GC 4670,  h 2120,  Lalande 40815,  Bode 71,  Koehler No. 15,  Struve 9;  Mel 234

 M16:  NGC 6611,  GC 4400,  h 2006,  deCh  4,  Bode 52;  Mel 198

 M17:  NGC 6618,  GC 4403,  h 2008,  deCh 20,  Bode 54

 M18:  NGC 6613,  GC 4401,  h 2007,  Bode 53

 M19:  NGC 6273,  GC 4264,  h 1975,  h 3663,  Bode 35;  Mel 160

 M20:  NGC 6514,  GC 4355,  h 1991,  h 3718,  H IV.41,  H V.10,  H V.11,  H V.12,  Bode 47

 M21:  NGC 6531,  GC 4367,  h 1993,  Bode 50;  Mel 188

 M22:  NGC 6656,  GC 4424,  h 2015,  h 3753,  Lac I.12,  deCh 17,  Bode 57,  Koehler No. 1;  Mel 208

 M23:  NGC 6494,  GC 4346,  h 1990,  Bode 42;  Mel 184,  Cr 356

 M24: >NGC 6603,  IC 4715?,  GC 4397 (MWP M24),  h 2004,  Bode 51
       NGC 6603:  Mel 197,  Cr 374

 M25:  IC 4725,  deCh  5,  Bode 56;  Bailey,  Mel 204

 M26:  NGC 6694,  GC 4432,  h 3758,  Bode 59;  Mel 212

 M27:  NGC 6853,  GC 4532,  h 2060,  Bode 67,  Koehler No. 7;  PK 60-3.1,  ARO 14,  He2-452

 M28:  NGC 6626,  GC 4406,  h 2010,  h 3743,  Bode 58 ?,  Koehler No. 2;  Mel 200

 M29:  NGC 6913,  GC 4576,  h 2078,  Bode 69

 M30:  NGC 7099,  GC 4687,  h 2128,  h 3878,  Bode 68;  Mel 237

 M31:  NGC  224,  GC  116,  h   50,  Ha III.3,  Bode  3,  Flamsteed 58,  Hevelius 32;  UGC 454,  Andromeda A

 M32:  NGC  221,  GC  117,  h   51,  Bode  2,  Struve 1;  UGC 452,  Arp 168

 M33:  NGC  598,  GC  352,  h  131,  H V.17,  Ha IV.4?,  Bode  5;  UGC 1117
       NGC  604 (bright HII region):  GC  355,  h  133,  H III.150

 M34:  NGC 1039,  GC  584,  h  248,  Ha IV.12,  Bode  7;  Mel  17,  Cr  31

 M35:  NGC 2168,  GC 1360,  h  377,  deCh 12,  Bode 14;  Mel  41,  Cr  82

 M36:  NGC 1960,  GC 1166,  h  358,  Ha II.7,  Bode 12,  Koehler No. 10;  Mel  37,  Cr  71

 M37:  NGC 2099,  GC 1295,  h  369,  Ha II.7,  Bode 13;  Mel  38,  Cr  75

 M38:  NGC 1922,  GC 1119,  Ha II.7,  Bode 9,  Koehler No. 11;  Mel  36,  Cr  67

 M39:  NGC 7092,  GC 4681,  h 2126,  Bode 75;  Mel 236

 M40:             Winnecke 4 (Win 4, WNC 4),  Bode 23
       74 & 75 UMa = Hevelius 1496,  Bode 24

 M41:  NGC 2287,  GC 1454,  h  411,  Ha IV.2,  Flamsteed 965,  Bode 15;  Mel  52,  Cr 118

 M42:  NGC 1976,  GC 1179,  h  360,  deCh 16,  Ha I.5,  Bode 10,   Flamsteed 748;  Orion A

 M43:  NGC 1982,  GC 1185,  H III.1?

 M44:  NGC 2632,  GC 1681,  h  517,  deCh 11,  Ha II.1,  Ptolemy  449,  Ulegh Begh 446,  Tycho 576,  Hevelius 291,  Flamsteed 1213,  Bode 20;  Mel 88,  Cr 189
                                                      
 M45:             Ha I.1,  Bode  8;  Bailey;  Mel  22,  Cr  42  [also see M45 table for the Pleiades nebulae]
       NGC 1435 = Merope Nebula:  GC  768,  Auwers N.18,  Tempel's neb
       NGC 1432 = Maia Nebula
       IC 349 = Part of Merope Nebula

 M46:  NGC 2437,  GC 1564,  h  463;  Mel  75,  Cr 159

 M47:  NGC 2422,  GC 1551,  h  459,  h 3088,  H VIII.38,  Ha IV.1;  Mel  68,  Cr 152
       NGC 2478 = erroneous M47 position:  GC 1594

 M48:  NGC 2548,  GC 1637,  h  496,  H VI.22,  C.H.,  Bode (1782);  Mel  85,  Cr 179

 M49:  NGC 4472,  GC 3021,  h 1294,  Oriani;  Arp 134,  UGC 7629

 M50:  NGC 2323,  GC 1483,  h  425,  Bode 16;  Mel  58,  Cr 124

 M51:  NGC 5194,  GC 3572,  h 1622,  Bode 25;  Arp  85,  UGC 8493
       NGC 5195 (close companion, disc. Méchain):  GC 3574,  h 1623,  H I.186;  Arp 85,  UGC 8494

 M52:  NGC 7654,  GC 4957,  h 2238;  Mel 243,  Cr 455

 M53:  NGC 5024,  GC 3453,  h 1558,  Bode 26,  Struve 4;  Mel 117

 M54:  NGC 6715,  GC 4442,  h 3763,  Dunlop 624;  Mel 216

 M55:  NGC 6809,  GC 4503,  h 3798,  Dunlop 620,  Lac I.14,  Bode 63;  Mel 221

 M56:  NGC 6779,  GC 4485,  h 2036;  Mel 220

 M57:  NGC 6720,  GC 4447,  h 2023,  Darquier;  PK 63+13.1, ARO 9

 M58:  NGC 4579,  GC 3121,  h 1368;  UGC 7792

 M59:  NGC 4621,  GC 3155,  h 1386,  Koehler;  UGC 7858

 M60:  NGC 4649,  GC 3182,  h 1408,  Oriani,  Koehler;  Arp 116,  UGC 7898,  VV 206

 M61:  NGC 4303,  GC 2878,  h 1202,  H I.139,  Oriani;  UGC 7420

 M62:  NGC 6266,  GC 4261,  h 3661,  Dunlop 627;  Mel 159

 M63:  NGC 5055,  GC 3474,  h 1570;  UGC 8334

 M64:  NGC 4826,  GC 3321,  h 1486,  Bode 77;  UGC 8062,  PKS 1254+21

 M65:  NGC 3623,  GC 2373,  h  854;  Arp 317,  UGC 6328,  VV 308

 M66:  NGC 3627,  GC 2377,  h  857,  h  875?;  Arp  16,  Arp 317,  UGC 6346,  VV 308, PKS 1117+132

 M67:  NGC 2682,  GC 1712,  h  531,  Koehler No. 19;  Mel  94,  Cr 204

 M68:  NGC 4590,  GC 3128,  h 3404;  Mel 113

 M69:  NGC 6637,  GC 4411,  h 3747,  Dunlop 613;  Mel 202
       Lac I.11 (asterism near M69):  NGC 6634,  GC 5076,  Bode 46

 M70:  NGC 6681,  GC 4428,  h 3756,  Dunlop 614;  Mel 211

 M71:  NGC 6838,  GC 4520,  h 2056,  deCh 13,  Koehler No. 7;  Mel 226

 M72:  NGC 6981,  GC 4608,  h 2090;  Mel 233

 M73:  NGC 6994,  GC 4617

 M74:  NGC  628,  GC  372,  h  142;  UGC 1149

 M75:  NGC 6864,  GC 4543,  h 2064;  Mel 228

 M76:  NGC  650,  GC  385;  PK 130-10.1,  ARO 2
       NGC  651 (NF),  GC  386,  H I.193

 M77:  NGC 1068,  GC  600,  h  262;  Arp 37,  UGC 2188,  Cetus A,  3C71,  4C-00.13,  PKS 0240-002

 M78:  NGC 2068,  GC 1267,  h  368

 M79:  NGC 1904,  GC 1112;  Mel 34

 M80:  NGC 6093,  GC 4173,  h 3624;  Mel 142

 M81:  NGC 3031,  GC 1949,  h  649,  Bode 17,  Koehler No. 8A;  UGC 5318

 M82:  NGC 3034,  GC 1950,  H IV.79,  Bode 18,  Koehler No. 8B,  4H.ON.;  Arp 337,  UGC 5322,  Ursa Major A,  3C231

 M83:  NGC 5236,  GC 3606,  h 3523,  Dunlop 628,  Lac I.6,  Bode 27;  UGCA 366

 M84:  NGC 4374,  GC 2930,  h 1237;  UGC 7494,  3C272.1

 M85:  NGC 4382,  GC 2946,  h 1242;  UGC 7508

 M86:  NGC 4406,  GC 2961,  h 1253;  UGC 7532

 M87:  NGC 4486,  GC 3035,  h 1301;  Arp 152,  UGC 7654,  Virgo A,  3C274

 M88:  NGC 4501,  GC 3049,  h 1312;  UGC 7675

 M89:  NGC 4552,  GC 3097,  h 1348;  UGC 7760

 M90:  NGC 4569,  GC 3111;  Arp 76,  UGC 7786

 M91:  NGC 4548,  GC 3093,  h 1345,  H II.120;  UGC 7753
       NGC 4571 = erroneous "M91?" in GC:  GC 3120,  h 1367,  = GC 3113,  h 1362,  H III.602

 M92:  NGC 6341,  GC 4294,  Bode 76,  Lalande 31544;  Mel 168

 M93:  NGC 2447,  GC 1571,  h 3098;  Mel  76,  Cr 160

 M94:  NGC 4736,  GC 3258,  h 1456;  UGC 7996

 M95:  NGC 3351,  GC 2184,  h  743;  UGC  5850, 3C 245

 M96:  NGC 3368,  GC 2194,  h  749;  UGC  5882

 M97:  NGC 3587,  GC 2343,  h  838;  PK 148+57.1,  ARO 25

 M98:  NGC 4192,  GC 2786,  h 1132;  UGC 7231

 M99:  NGC 4254,  GC 2838,  h 1173;  UGC 7345

M100:  NGC 4321,  GC 2890,  h 1211;  UGC 7450

M101:  NGC 5457,  GC 3770,  h 1744;  Arp 26,  UGC 8981,  M102?

M102?: NGC 5866,  GC 4058,  h 1909,  H I.215;  UGC 9723

M103:  NGC  581,  GC  341,  h  126;  Struve 131,  Mel  8,  Cr  14

M104:  NGC 4594,  GC 3132,  h 1376,  H I.43;  UGCA 293

M105:  NGC 3379,  GC 2203,  h  757,  H I.17;  UGC 5902

M106:  NGC 4258,  GC 2841,  h 1175,  H V.43;  UGC 7353

M107:  NGC 6171,  GC 4211,  h 3637,  H VI.40;  Mel 148

M108:  NGC 3556,  GC 2318,  h  831,  H V.46;  UGC 6225

M109:  NGC 3992,  GC 2635,  h 1030,  H IV.61;  UGC 6937

M110:  NGC  205,  GC  105,  h   44,  H V.18,  C.H.;  UGC 426
Key:
H:
William Herschel
C.H.:
Caroline Herschel
h:
John Herschel (1833, 1847)
GC:
General Catalog, John Herschel 1864
Lac:
Lacaille
deCh:
de Cheseaux
Bode:
Johann Elert Bode's "Complete Catalog" of 77 deepsky objects (1779 version)
Ha:
Hodierna

Cr:
Collinder.
Mel:
Melotte, 1915. A Catalogue of Star Clusters shown on Franklin-Adams Chart Plates. Memoirs of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. LX [60], Part V, pp. 175-186 + Pl. 16-17.
PK:
L. Perek and L. Kohoutek. Catalogue of Planetary Nebulae. Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, 1967.
ARO:
Algonquin Radio Observatory; L.A. Higgs, P.A.B., Vol. 1, No. 1, Dominion Observatory (1971).
He2:
Karl G. Henize, 1967. Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 14, p. 125.
3C:
Third Cambridge Catalogue
Arp:
H.C. Arp, 1966. Catalog of Peculiar Galaxies. Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 14, p. 1.
UGC:
Uppsala General Catalogue of Galaxies (1973), by P.N. Nilson
UGCA:
Catalog of Selected Non-UGC Galaxies (1974), by P.N. Nilson
  • Cross References for some Non-Messier Objects

    Hartmut Frommert
    Christine Kronberg
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    Last Modification: June 29, 2006