Planetary Nebulae in Milky Way Globular Clusters

Up to now, the following planetary nebulae have been reported in Milky Way Globular Clusters:

Pease 1 in M15 (Pease 1928)
Another possible but doubtful planetary nebula in M15. This on has been reported by Peterson (1976), situated near M15's center, but was never confirmed since.
IRAS 18333-2357 (GJJC 1) in M22 (Gillett et.al. 1988)
JaFu 1 in Palomar 6 (Jacoby and Fullton 1997); also see the JaFu 1 & 2 challenge page
JaFu 2 in NGC 6441 (Jacoby and Fullton 1997; see George Jacoby's Planetary Nebula gallery); also see the JaFu 1 & 2 challenge page

Astronomical data of the globulars and planetaries:

          RA (2000.0) Dec  Con  dim   mv    kly    RV    Cl  [Fe/H]

M 15      21:30.0  +12:10  Peg  12.3  6.2  32.6  -107.3   4  -2.25
M 22      18:36.4  -23:54  Sgr  24.0  5.1  10.1  -148.9   7  -1.64
NGC 6441  17:50.2  -37:03  Sco   8.0  7.1  36.5  + 16.4      -0.53
Pal 6     17:43.7  -26:13  Oph   7.2 13.60  9.5  +201.0  11  -0.10

Planetary Neb.   Globular  RA (2000.0)   Dec  dim  m_v   dist GC   other ID
                                                                  
Pease 1          M15       21:30.02 +12:10.2   3"  15.5   26" NNE  PK 065-27.1, Kuster 648, ARO 111, IRAS 21274+1156, PN G065.0-27.3
Peterson         M15 ??                                           
IRAS 18333-2357  M22       18:36.3  -23:55.5   8"  15.    56" SSW  PK 009-07.1, GJJC 1, PN G009.8-07.5
JaFu 2           NGC 6441  17:50:11 -37:03:27  5"         37" SW   IRAS 17468-3702, PN G353.5-05.0
JaFu 1           Pal 6?    17:43:58 -26 11.8   8" ~16::  230" ENE  PK 004+03.1, PN G002.1+01.7
                                                        (3'E .5'N)

A former candidate was Peterson 1 (Pt 1; PK 004+03.1, see Peterson 1977), an object in the neighborhood and perhaps associated with globular cluster NGC 6401 (RA: 17:38.6, Dec: -23:55 for 2000.0) in Ophiuchus. However, Acker and Stenholm (1990) found that this object exhibits a red stellar continuum - thus is not a planetary nebula but a symbiotic star.

Links

Planetary Nebulae in Globular Clusters page, by Doug Snyder

References:

Acker, A. and Stenholm, B., 1990. Misclassified planetary nebulae. Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series, vol. 86, no. 2 (Dec 1990), p. 219-225.
Gillett, F. C. et.al., 1988. The optical/infrared counterpart(s) of IRAS 18333-2357. Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 338, March 15, 1989, p. 862-874.
Jacoby, George H.; Morse, Jon A.; Fullton, L. Kellar; Kwitter, K. B.; Henry, R. B. C., 1997. Planetary Nebulae in the Globular Cluster PAL 6 and NGC 6441. Astronomical Journal, Vol. 114, p. 2611-2625
Pease, F.G., 1928. A Planetary Nebula in the Globular Cluster Messier 15. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 40, No. 237 (10/1928), p.342
Peterson, A.W., 1976. Possible detection of a second planetary nebula in M 15 at Halpha. Astron. Astrophys., 53, 441-442 (1976)
Peterson, A.W., 1977. A new planetary nebula. Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac., 89, 129-130.
Tytell, David, 2002. Finding Planetaries in Globs: A Do-It-Yourself Guide. Sky & Telescope, Vol. 103, No. 2, p. 70-71 (February 2002). A new review.

Hartmut Frommert
Christine Kronberg
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Last Modification: October 27, 2005